Columns

Cortical Columns

The most prominent feature of the architecture of the cortex is its horizontal organization into layers. Each layer contains different cell types, and forms different types of connections with other neurons. However, a strong vertical organization is often also apparent: neurons stacked on top of each other through the depth of the cortex tend to be connected and have similar response propertie...

HPLC Columns

Silicate entrapped columns--new columns designed for capillary electrochromatography.

Designed especially for capillary electrochromatography (CEC), silicate-entrapped columns are made by trapping particles of chromatographic packing material in a network of silica. Once entrapped, the capillary no longer requires frits. This renders a more homogeneous and stable packed bed. Accidental breakage of the fragile frits is not an issue with these robust columns. Columns packed with r...

Tropospheric NO2 columns

Tropospheric NO2 columns: a comparison between model and retrieved data from GOME measurements A. Lauer1, M. Dameris1, A. Richter2, and J. P. Burrows2 1DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 Wessling, Germany 2Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany Received: 31 October 2001 – Accepted: 23 November 2001 – Published: 13 December 2001 Corr...

Continuously Injected Plasma Columns

Electron plasma columns continuously injected into a Malmberg-Penning trap display a rich evolution. Electrons emitted from an illuminated photocathode are trapped in the electrostatic well formed by the negatively biased photocathode and the trap end cylinder. Initially, the injections form cylinders of uniform density. As the density increases, the columns hollow in an attempt to match the po...